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1.
Radiol. bras ; 54(4): 254-260, July-Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287746

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare virtual reality simulation with other methods of teaching interventional radiology. We searched multiple databases-Cochrane Library; Medline (PubMed); Embase; Trip Medical; Education Resources Information Center; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; Scientific Electronic Library Online; and Latin-American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature-for studies comparing virtual reality simulation and other methods of teaching interventional radiology. This systematic review was performed in accordance with the criteria established by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and the Best Evidence Medical Education (BEME) Collaboration. Eligible studies were evaluated by using the quality indicators provided in the BEME Guide No. 11 and the Kirkpatrick model of training evaluation. After the eligibility and quality criteria had been applied, five randomized clinical trials were included in the review. The Kirkpatrick level of impact varied among the studies evaluated, three studies being classified as level 2B and two being classified as level 4B. Among the studies evaluated, there was a consensus that virtual reality aggregates concepts and is beneficial for the teaching of interventional radiology. Although the use of virtual reality has been shown to be effective for skill acquisition and learning in interventional radiology, there is still a lack of studies evaluating and standardizing the employment of this technology in relation to the numerous procedures that exist within the field of expertise.


Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a simulação de realidade virtual com outros métodos de aprendizagem na radiologia intervencionista. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados eletrônicas Cochrane Library, Medline (PubMed), Embase, Trip Medical, Education Resources Information Center, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scientific Electronic Library Online, e Latin-American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature para estudos comparando a realidade virtual com outros métodos de aprendizagem na radiologia intervencionista. Esta revisão sistemática foi realizada de acordo com o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses e a Best Evidence Medical Education (BEME) Collaboration. Os estudos elegíveis foram avaliados usando o questionário de Buckley no BEME Guide nº 11 e o modelo de Kirkpatrick. Cinco ensaios clínicos randomizados foram incluídos nesta revisão, após a aplicação de todos os critérios de elegibilidade e qualidade. O nível de evidência educacional encontrado entre os artigos variou, sendo três estudos nível 2B e os demais nível 4B de acordo com o modelo de Kirkpatrick. Não houve divergência entre os estudos de que a realidade virtual agrega conceitos e é benéfica para o ensino da radiologia intervencionista. O uso da realidade virtual para aquisição de conhecimento e aprendizagem em radiologia intervencionista tem se mostrado eficaz, mas ainda faltam estudos que avaliem e estruturem a utilização dessa tecnologia em relação aos inúmeros procedimentos existentes no campo de atuação.

2.
Radiol. bras ; 54(4): 219-224, July-Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287748

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To describe the safety and efficacy of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) in patients with a markedly enlarged prostate. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study including 18 consecutive patients (mean age, 74 years) with benign prostatic hyperplasia, all with a prostate volume ≥ 200 cm3, who were enrolled to receive PAE for the treatment of moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms. Results: The PAE procedure was technically successful in 17 patients (94.4%). During follow-up, clinical failure (defined as an International Prostate Symptom Score [IPSS] ≥ 8) was observed in two (11.1%) of those 18 patients. At 3 months of follow-up, there was significant improvement over baseline in all relevant outcome measures: total IPSS (from 15.7 to 2.9); IPSS quality of life score (from 5.2 to 1.0); prostate specific antigen (from 11.4 to 1.82 ng/mL); peak urinary flow rate (from 7.45 to 18.6 mL/s); prostate volume (from 252.4 to 151.6 cm3); and post-void residual volume (from 143.7 to 28.3 mL)-p < 0.05 for all. Of the 18 patients, one (5.6%) presented detachment of prostate tissue and self-limited hematuria, which did not require specific treatment. Conclusion: In patients with a markedly enlarged prostate, PAE proved to be safe and effective, resulting in significant improvements in clinical, imaging, and urodynamic parameters.


Resumo Objetivo: Descrever a segurança e eficácia da embolização das artérias prostáticas (EAP) em pacientes com próstatas muito aumentadas (≥ 200 cm3). Materiais e Métodos: Este estudo retrospectivo incluiu 18 pacientes consecutivos com hiperplasia prostática benigna portadores de próstatas ≥ 200 cm3 (idade média de 74 anos), que foram submetidos a EAP para tratar sintomas de trato urinário inferior moderados a graves. Resultados: A EAP foi tecnicamente bem-sucedida em 17 pacientes (94,4%). Falha clínica (IPSS ≥ 8) foi detectada em dois pacientes durante o seguimento (11,1%). Observamos melhora significativa em todos os parâmetros relevantes aos três meses de acompanhamento: IPSS: 15,7 vs. 2,9; qualidade de vida: 5,2 vs. 1,0); PSA: 11,4 vs. 1,82 ng/mL; pico de fluxo urinário: 7,45 vs. 18,6 mL/s); volume prostático: 252,4 vs. 151,6 cm3; e volume urinário residual: 143,7 vs. 28,3 mL - p < 0,05 para todos). Um paciente (5,6%) apresentou eliminação de tecido prostático e hematúria autolimitada durante o seguimento, que não necessitou de tratamento específico. Conclusão: A EAP em pacientes com próstata muito aumentada foi segura e eficaz, com significativas melhoras clínica, urodinâmica e imaginológica.

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